Ancient Roman concrete is arguably the most durable concrete. Actually, it is more durable than any concrete ever made—before and after it.
Is the Claim Valid?
Scientists have analyzed concrete that was used in building 2,000-year-old Roman structures. They have discovered a more durable, greener alternative to modern concrete.
The Evidence
An international team of researchers has analyzed the mineral components of the ancient Roman buildings at various globally renowned laboratories in the US, Saudi Arabia, and Germany. They discovered the secret to the long-lasting ancient Roman cement.
It was discovered that the ancient Romans made concrete by mixing volcanic rock and lime to form mortar. They packed the mortar and volcanic tuff into wooden forms to build underwater structures. The chemical reaction was triggered by the seawater as the water molecules reacted with the ash and hydrated the lime, thereby cementing all the components together. The resulting bond is exceptionally strong. Those with jobs in construction would be glad to know that this bond is called a calcium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate (C-A-S-H) bond.
Comparison
• When compared to Portland cement (currently the most common modern concrete blend), Portland cement does not contain the lime-volcanic ash combination.
• Also, Portland cement does not bind as well as the ancient Roman concrete.
• People with jobs in the construction industry should appreciate that Portland cement has been used in the construction industry for about two centuries now. However, it usually wears out more quickly in seawater. Actually, it has a service life of not more than 55 years.
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